5.2.4.1 热杀菌计算的目的意义
有了微生物的耐热性特征值和罐头食品的传热温度数据，就可以进行热杀菌计算。
所谓热杀菌计算就是从生物学的角度出发计算一个与热杀菌过程受热强度密切相关 的参数值，这个参数值称之为杀菌值，用F来表示。这是热杀菌过程的F值，为了有别于 微生物的F0值，我们将热杀菌过程的F值记作Fp。
计算Fp值的基本方法是： 设想一个理想化的热杀菌过程，此热杀菌过程所产生的 致死值相等于实际的热杀菌过程所产生的致死值。所谓理想化的热杀菌过程是食品温度 自始至终保持在121.1℃下的热杀菌过程，而Fp值则为这个理想化热杀菌过程的时间， 可按下式计算：
(5-8)
式中 t——时间
(5-9)
Li称之为致死率或换算系数，其含义是在某一温度T下加热1min所产生的致死效 应，相当于在121.1℃下加热的分钟数。
热杀菌计算的目的有两个： 一是已知热杀菌条件计算杀菌值，以检验现行杀菌条件 在微生物学上是否安全;二是根据所要求的杀菌值确定热杀菌条件。热杀菌过程的杀菌 值Fp和杀死微生物所要求的杀菌值F0应有如下关系：
Fp＝F0+20%F0
式中20%为一个安全系数。
热杀菌计算有许多方法，最常用的有一般法和公式法两种。
5.2.4.2 一般法
一般法也称之为作图法，其方法原理如下： 如有一个热杀菌过程，测得罐内食品温 度，运用公式(5-9)算出各点温度下的Li值算出或从表5-3中查得，于是可以获得一条 曲线称之为致死率曲线，如图5-12所示。根据式(5-8)可知，杀菌值F0即是这条致死 率曲线所围成的面积。
表5-3 致死率Li (Z=10℃)
| T/℃ | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 |
0.0008
0.0010 0.0012 0.0016 0.0020 0.0025 0.0031 0.0039 0.0049 0.0062 0.0078 0.0098 0.0123 0.0155 0.0195 0.0245 0.0309 0.0389 0.0490 0.0617 0.0776 0.0978 0.1230 0.1549 |
0.0008
0.0010 0.0013 0.0016 0.0020 0.0025 0.0032 0.0040 0.0050 0.0063 0.0079 0.0100 0.0126 0.0158 0.0200 0.0251 0.0316 0.0398 0.0501 0.0631 0.0794 0.1000 0.1259 0.1585 |
0.0008
0.0010 0.0013 0.0016 0.0020 0.0026 0.0032 0.0041 0.0051 0.0065 0.0081 0.0102 0.0129 0.0162 0.0204 0.0257 0.0324 0.0407 0.0513 0.0646 0.0813 0.1023 0.1288 0.1622 |
0.0008
0.0011 0.0013 0.0017 0.0021 0.0026 0.0033 0.0042 0.0053 0.0066 0.0083 0.0105 0.0132 0.0166 0.0209 0.0263 0.0331 0.0417 0.0525 0.0661 0.0832 0.1047 0.1318 0.1659 |
0.0009
0.0011 0.0014 0.0017 0.0021 0.0027 0.0034 0.0043 0.0054 0.0068 0.0085 0.0107 0.0135 0.0170 0.0214 0.0269 0.0339 0.0427 0.0537 0.0676 0.0851 0.1071 01349 0.1698 |
0.0009
0.0011 0.0014 0.0017 0.0022 0.0028 0.0035 0.0044 0.0055 0.0069 0.0087 0.0110 0.0138 0.0174 0.0219 0.0275 0.0347 0.0436 0.0549 0.0692 0.0871 0.1096 0.1380 0.1738 |
0.0009
0.0012 0.0014 0.0018 0.0022 0.0028 0.0036 0.0045 0.0056 0.0071 0.0089 0.0112 0.0141 0.0178 0.0224 0.0282 0.0355 0.0447 0.0562 0.0708 0.0891 0.1122 0.1413 0.1778 |
0.0009
0.0012 0.0015 0.0018 0.0023 0.0029 0.0036 0.0046 0.0058 0.0073 0.0091 0.0115 0.0145 0.0182 0.0229 0.0288 0.0363 0.0457 0.0575 0.0725 0.0912 0.1148 0.1446 0.1820 |
0.0009
0.0012 0.0015 0.0019 0.0023 0.0030 0.0037 0.0047 0.0059 0.0074 0.0093 0.0117 0.0148 0.0186 0.0234 0.0295 0.0371 0.0468 0.0589 0.0741 0.0933 0.1175 0.1479 0.1862 |
0.0010
0.0012 0.0015 0.0019 0.0024 0.0030 0.0038 0.0048 0.0060 0.0076 0.0096 0.0120 0.0151 0.0191 0.0240 0.0302 0.0380 0.0479 0.0602 0.0759 0.0955 0.1202 0.1514 0.1905 |
续表
| T/℃ | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| 114
115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 |
0.1950
0.2455 0.3090 0.3891 0.4897 0.6165 0.7764 0.9775 1.230 1.549 1.950 2.455 3.090 3.891 4.891 6.165 7.764 |
0.1995
0.2512 0.3162 0.3981 0.5013 0.6309 0.7943 1.000 1.259 1.565 1.995 2.512 3.162 3.981 5.013 6.309 7.943 |
0.2042
0.2571 0.3236 0.4073 0.5128 0.6456 0.8130 1.023 1.288 1.622 2.042 2.571 3.236 4.073 5.128 6.456 8.130 |
0.2089
0.2630 0.3311 0.4168 0.5249 0.6605 0.8319 1.047 1.318 1.659 2.089 2.630 3.311 4.168 5.249 6.605 8.319 |
0.2138
0.2692 0.3436 0.4266 0.5371 0.6761 0.8511 1.071 1.349 1.698 2.138 2.692 3.436 4.266 5.371 6.761 8.511 |
0.2188
0.2754 0.3467 0.4365 0.5495 0.6920 0.8711 1.096 1.380 1.738 2.188 2.754 3.467 4.365 5.495 6.920 8.711 |
0.2239
0.2818 0.3549 0.4466 0.5624 0.7077 0.8913 1.122 1.413 1.778 2.239 2.818 3.549 4.466 5.624 7.077 8.913 |
0.2291
0.2884 0.3631 0.4570 0.5754 0.7246 0.9124 1.148 1.446 1.820 2.291 2.884 3.631 4.570 5.754 7.246 9.124 |
0.2344
0.2952 0.3715 0.4677 0.5889 0.7413 0.9328 1.175 1.479 1.862 2.344 2.952 3.715 4.677 5.869 7.413 9.328 |
0.2399
0.3020 0.3802 0.4787 0.6024 0.7587 0.9551 1.202 1.514 1.905 2.399 3.020 3.802 4.786 6.024 7.587 9.551 |
图5-12 致死率曲线
计算面积有许多方法，这里介绍一种最简单的方法，也是罐头工业常用的方法——矩 形法。
矩形法是将曲线分段，每段以矩形代替，然后将各矩形面积累加从而求出整个图形的 面积。
表5-4是一般法计算杀菌值的举例。
表5-4 7116马蹄罐头热杀菌值一般法计算结果
| 杀菌操作阶段 | 加热时间/min | 罐内温度/℃ | 致死率Li | ∑Li |
| 升
温 时 间 |
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 |
34
34 34 36 41 52 65 79 91 |
—
— — — — — — — 0.0000 0.0010 |
—
— — — — — — — 0.0000 0.0010 |
| 杀
菌 时 间 |
18
20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 |
101.5
108.0 112.0 114.0 115.5 116.0 116.2 116.4 116.6 116.8 117.0 117.0 |
0.0110
0.0490 0.1230 0.1950 0.2754 0.3090 0.3236 0.3436 0.3549 0.3115 0.3891 0.3891 |
0.0120
0.0610 0.1840 0.3790 0.6544 0.9634 1.2870 1.6306 1.9855 2.3570 2.7461 3.1252 |
| 冷
却 |
42
44 46 48 50 52 |
117.0
106.0 80 60 47 37 |
0.3891
0.0309 0.0000 — — — |
3.5243
3.5552 Fp＝3.5552×2=7.1 — — — — |
5.2.4.3 公式法
公式法是由鲍尔(Ball)创立的，所以也称为Ball公式法。此法是利用温度方程即传 热曲线进行热过程计算的。其基本原理为： 如前所述，罐头食品的传热特征值有两个，即 j和f值。j和f值对罐头食品来说是惟一的，即某种罐头食品有一定的j和f值。当加 热期的jh和fh值确定之后，升温曲线也就确定了。因此在热杀菌过程中，罐内温度的变 化由惟一的升温曲线确定，或者说罐内温度由加热时间直接确定，同样，在冷却时当jc和 fc值确定后，冷却曲线的走向也就确定了。根据升温曲线和冷却曲线就可以确定食品的 温度，然后计算杀菌值。在公式法中，温度的计算实际上是用温度方程计算的，这也是公 式法取名的原因。因为温度方程中使用了两个经验参数j和f，所以此法也称之为经验 公式法。
下面将公式法中使用的符号说明如下：
Z——微生物的耐热性特征值，是热致死时间曲线穿过一个对数周期所需要的温 度差。低酸性罐头食品按肉毒杆菌计算Z=10℃。酸性罐头食品在低于 100℃温度下杀菌时可按Z=8℃计算。
fh——加热曲线的斜率指数，其值为加热曲线斜率的倒数，或横跨一个对数周期所 需的时间(min)，在转折型加热曲线中转折点前第一条加热曲线中直线部 分的斜率指数也为fh。
f2——加热曲线中转折点后第二条直线的斜率指数，min
j——在半对数坐标纸上加热曲线的截距系数
式中 RT——杀菌温度，℃
IT——罐头食品初温(杀菌锅进蒸汽前罐内食品的平均温度)，℃
I′T′——假想初温，它处于横坐标上按58%升温时间标出的点引出的垂直线和加 热曲线直线部分的延长线相交的交点上。如升温时间为15min，它应处于 和从15×0.58=8.7min一点引出的垂直线的交点上，℃
X——转折型加热曲线中第一条直线从42%升温时间包括在内的假想起始点到 其转折点的加热时间，min
fc——半对数冷却曲线中直线部分的斜率指数，min
CW——冷却水温度，℃
B——理论加热杀菌时间，即42%升温时间+杀菌时间，min
tp——从杀菌锅升温到达杀菌温度时开始，直至蒸汽关闭和冷却开始时的间隔 时间，它为实际杀菌时间，tp＝B-0.42×CUT(升温时间)，min
CUT——升温时间(ComeUp Time)，从杀菌锅进蒸汽起一直到杀菌锅升温到杀菌 温度时止的相隔时间，min
I——罐头食品初温和杀菌锅温度差值，即I=RT-IT，℃
g——杀菌温度和终止杀菌(停止进汽)时罐内食品测点温度的差值，℃
m+g——杀菌温度和冷却水温度的差值，即RT-CW，℃
Fp——热过程杀菌值，参照温度为121.1℃
Fi——在任一致死温度下加热1min，相当于在121.1℃下加热的时间(min)。按下式计算：
U——以杀菌(锅)温度为参照温度的热过程杀菌值，即为食品在杀菌温度下加 热的时间，min
U=FpFi (Fi应为杀菌温度下的Fi)
r——加热杀菌过程中，加热期的杀菌占全过程杀菌值的比例，由r：lg(g)表查得
公式法可以用列表的方式进行计算。根据食品传热曲线类型和计算目的的不同，公 式法可以列成四种表格：表5-5、表5-6、表5-7、表5-8。热杀菌计算时，只要按表格 的先后次序填入已知数据，然后逐项计算，最后即可完成计算任务。
表5-5 简单型加热曲线杀菌值计算(以清水竹笋罐型8117为例)
| Fp值计算项目 | 清水竹笋罐型8117 | Fp值计算项目 | 清水竹笋罐型8117 |
| Z | 10.0℃ | jI=j×I | 91.2℃ |
| fh | 14.91min | lgjI | 1.96 |
| j | 0.95 | B=tp+0.42CUT | 56.3min |
| RT | 116.0℃ | B/fh | 3.78 |
| Fi(从表5-9查得) | 3.236 | lgg=lgjI-(B/fh) | -1.82 |
| CW | 15.0℃ | ||
| m+g=RT-CW | 101.0℃ | fh/U(从表5-10查得) | 0.4358 |
| IT | 20.0℃ | Fp＝fh/fh/U·Fi | 10.6 |
| I=RT-IT | 96℃ |
表5-6 简单型加热曲线，杀菌时间计算
| B值计算项目 | 清水竹笋罐型8117 | B值计算项目 | 清水竹笋罐型8117 |
| Fp | 10.6 | I=RT-IT | 96.0℃ |
| Z | 10.0℃ | jI=j×I | 91.2℃ |
| fh | 14.91min | lgjI | 1.96 |
| j | 0.95 | fh/U=fh/FpFj | 0.4347 |
| RT | 116.0℃ | ||
| Fi(从表5-9查得) | 3.236 | lgg(从表5-10查得) | -1.826 |
| CW | 15.0℃ | lgjI-lgg | 3.786 |
| m+g=RT-CW | 101.0℃ | B=fh×(lgjI-lgg) | 56.449min |
| IT | 20.0℃ | tp＝B-0.42CUT | 50.149min |
表5-7 转折型加热曲线杀菌值计算[清水马蹄(整装)罐型854]
| j | 1.24 | RT | 121.0℃ |
| fh | 4.77min | CW | 20.0℃ |
| f2 | 8.56min | m+g=RT-CW | 101.0℃ |
| fc | 8.56min | IT | 20.0℃ |
| X | 5.93min | I=RT-IT | 101.0℃ |
| Z | 10.0min | jI=j×I | 125.24℃ |
| B=tp+0.42CUT | 29.2min | Fi(从表5-9查得) | 1.023 |
续表
表5-8 转折型加热曲线杀菌时间计算[清水马蹄(整装)罐型854]
用公式法进行热杀菌计算时需要使用Fi表(表5-9)，f/U：lg(g)表(表5-10)以及 r：lg(g)表(表5-11)。
表5-9 Fi表(F121.1℃=1.000)
| 杀菌温度
/℃ |
Z/℃ | ||||||||
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |
| 100
101 |
3286
2239 |
1033
743.0 |
434.5
325.8 |
220.8
171.0 |
128.8
102.3 |
82.79
67.14 |
57.28
47.32 |
41.98
35.16 |
32.14
27.29 |
续表
| 杀菌温度
/℃ |
Z/℃ | ||||||||
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |
| 102
103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 |
1524
1040 707.9 481.9 328.6 223.9 152.4 104.1 70.79 48.19 32.86 22.39 15.24 10.41 7.079 4.819 3.286 2.239 1.524 1.041 0.7079 0.4819 0.3286 0.2239 0.1524 0.1041 0.0708 0.0482 0.0328 |
535.8
385.5 277.3 199.5 143.5 103.3 74.33 53.58 38.55 27.73 19.95 14.35 10.33 7.438 5.358 3.855 2.773 1.995 1.435 1.033 0.7438 0.5388 0.3855 0.2773 0.1995 0.1435 0.1033 0.0743 0.0536 |
244.3
183.2 137.4 103.0 77.27 57.94 43.45 32.58 24.43 18.32 13.72 10.30 7.727 5.794 4.345 3.258 2.443 1.832 1.374 1.030 0.7727 0.5794 0.4345 0.3258 0.2443 0.1832 0.1374 0.1030 0.0773 |
132.4
102.6 79.43 61.52 47.64 36.90 28.58 22.08 17.10 13.24 10.26 7.943 6.152 4.764 3.690 2.858 2.208 1.710 1.324 1.026 0.7943 0.6152 0.4764 0.3690 0.2858 0.2208 0.1710 0.1324 0.1026 |
81.28
64.57 51.29 40.74 32.36 25.70 20.42 16.22 12.88 10.23 8.128 6.457 5.129 4.074 3.236 2.570 2.042 1.622 1.288 1.023 0.8128 0.6457 0.5129 0.4074 0.3236 0.2570 0.2042 0.1622 0.1288 |
54.45
44.16 35.89 29.11 23.60 19.14 15.52 12.59 10.21 8.279 6.714 5.445 4.416 3.589 2.911 2.360 1.914 1.552 1.259 1.021 0.8279 0.6719 0.5145 0.4416 0.3589 0.2911 0.2360 0.1914 0.1552 |
39.08
32.28 26.61 21.98 18.11 14.96 12.36 10.19 8.414 6.950 5.728 4.734 3.908 3.228 2.661 2.198 1.811 1.496 1.236 1.019 0.8414 0.6950 0.5728 0.4732 0.3908 0.3228 0.2661 0.2198 0.1811 |
29.44
24.66 20.65 17.30 14.52 12.16 10.19 8.531 7.145 5.984 5.012 4.198 3.516 2.944 2.466 2.065 1.730 1.452 1.216 1.019 0.8531 0.7145 0.5984 0.5012 0.4198 0.3516 0.2944 0.2466 0.2065 |
23.12
19.63 16.63 14.13 11.99 10.16 8.630 7.311 6.209 5.260 4.467 3.793 3.214 2.729 2.312 1.963 1.663 1.413 1.199 1.016 0.8630 0.7311 0.6209 0.5260 0.4467 0.3793 0.3214 0.2729 0.2312 |
表5-10 f/U对lg(g)
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -3.0000
-2.9900 -2.9800 -2.9700 -2.9600 -2.9500 -2.9400 |
0.2879
0.2888 0.2896 0.2904 0.2913 0.2921 0.2930 |
0.2881
0.2889 0.2898 0.2906 0.2915 0.2923 0.2932 |
0.2883
0.2891 0.2899 0.2908 0.2916 0.2925 0.2933 |
0.2884
0.2893 0.2901 0.2909 0.2918 0.2926 0.2935 |
0.2886
0.2894 0.2903 0.2911 0.2920 0.2928 0.2937 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -2.9300
-2.9200 -2.9100 -2.9000 -2.8900 -2.8800 -2.8700 -2.8600 -2.8500 -2.8400 -2.8300 -2.8200 -2.8100 -2.8000 -2.7900 -2.7800 -2.7700 -2.7600 -2.7500 -2.7400 -2.7300 -2.7200 -2.7100 -2.7000 -3.6900 -2.6800 -2.6700 -2.6600 -2.6500 -2.6400 -2.6300 -2.6200 -2.6100 -2.6000 -2.5900 -2.5800 -2.5700 -2.5600 -2.5500 -2.5400 |
0.2939
0.2947 0.2956 0.2965 0.2973 0.2982 0.2991 0.3000 0.3009 0.3018 0.3027 0.3037 0.3046 0.3055 0.3065 0.3074 0.3083 0.3093 0.3103 0.3112 0.3122 0.3132 0.3142 0.3151 0.3161 0.3171 0.3181 0.3192 0.3202 0.3212 0.3222 0.3233 0.3243 0.3254 0.3265 0.3275 0.3286 0.3297 0.3308 0.3319 |
0.2940
0.2949 0.2958 0.2966 0.2975 0.2984 0.2993 0.3002 0.3011 0.3020 0.3029 0.3038 0.3048 0.3057 0.3066 0.3076 0.3085 0.3095 0.3104 0.3114 0.3124 0.3134 0.3143 0.3153 0.3163 0.3173 0.3184 0.3194 0.3204 0.3214 0.3225 0.3235 0.3245 0.3256 0.3267 0.3277 0.3288 0.3299 0.3310 0.3321 |
0.2942
0.2951 0.2959 0.2968 0.2977 0.2986 0.2995 0.3004 0.3013 0.3022 0.3031 0.3040 0.3050 0.3059 0.3068 0.3078 0.3087 0.3097 0.3106 0.3116 0.3126 0.3136 0.3145 0.3155 0.3165 0.3175 0.3186 0.3196 0.3206 0.3216 0.3227 0.3237 0.3248 0.3258 0.3269 0.3279 0.3290 0.3301 0.3312 0.3323 |
0.2944
0.2952 0.2961 0.2970 0.2979 0.2988 0.2997 0.3006 0.3015 0.3024 0.3033 0.3042 0.3051 0.3061 0.3070 0.3080 0.3089 0.3099 0.3108 0.3118 0.3128 0.3138 0.3147 0.3157 0.3167 0.3177 0.3188 0.3198 0.3208 0.3218 0.3229 0.3239 0.3250 0.3260 0.3271 0.3282 0.3292 0.3303 0.3314 0.3325 |
0.2945
0.2954 0.2963 0.2972 0.2981 0.2989 0.2998 0.3007 0.3016 0.3026 0.3035 0.3044 0.3053 0.3063 0.3072 0.3082 0.3091 0.3101 0.3110 0.3120 0.3130 0.3140 0.3149 0.3159 0.3169 0.3179 0.3190 0.3200 0.3210 0.3220 0.3231 0.3241 0.3252 0.3262 0.3273 0.3284 0.3295 0.3305 0.3316 0.3327 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -2.5300
-2.5200 -2.5100 -2.5000 -2.4900 -2.4800 -2.4700 -2.4600 -2.4500 -2.4400 -2.4300 -2.4200 -2.4100 -2.4000 -2.3900 -2.3800 -2.3700 -2.3600 -2.3500 -2.3400 -2.3300 -2.3200 -2.3100 -2.3000 -2.2900 -2.2800 -2.2700 -2.2600 -2.2500 -2.2400 -2.2300 -2.2200 -2.2100 -2.2000 -2.1900 -2.1800 -2.1700 -2.1600 -2.1500 -2.1400 |
0.3330
0.3341 0.3352 0.3363 0.3375 0.3386 0.3398 0.3409 0.3421 0.3432 0.3444 0.3456 0.3468 0.3480 0.3492 0.3505 0.3517 0.3529 0.3542 0.3554 0.3567 0.3580 0.3593 0.3606 0.3619 0.3632 0.3645 0.3658 0.3672 0.3685 0.3699 0.3713 0.3726 0.3740 0.3754 0.3768 0.3783 0.3797 0.3811 0.3826 |
0.3332
0.3343 0.3354 0.3366 0.3377 0.3388 0.3400 0.3411 0.3423 0.3435 0.3447 0.3459 0.3471 0.3483 0.3495 0.3507 0.3519 0.3532 0.3544 0.3557 0.3570 0.3582 0.3595 0.3608 0.3621 0.3634 0.3648 0.3661 0.3674 0.3688 0.3702 0.3715 0.3729 0.3743 0.3757 0.3771 0.3786 0.3800 0.3814 0.3829 |
0.3334
0.3345 0.3356 0.3368 0.3379 0.3391 0.3402 0.3414 0.3425 0.3437 0.3449 0.3461 0.3473 0.3485 0.3497 0.3509 0.3522 0.3534 0.3547 0.3559 0.3572 0.3585 0.3598 0.3611 0.3624 0.3637 0.3650 0.3664 0.3677 0.3691 0.3704 0.3718 0.3732 0.3746 0.3760 0.3774 0.3788 0.3803 0.3817 0.3832 |
0.3336
0.3348 0.3359 0.3370 0.3381 0.3393 0.3404 0.3416 0.3428 0.3440 0.3451 0.3463 0.3475 0.3487 0.3500 0.3512 0.3524 0.3537 0.3549 0.3562 0.3575 0.3587 0.3600 0.3613 0.3626 0.3640 0.3653 0.3666 0.3680 0.3693 0.3707 0.3721 0.3735 0.3749 0.3763 0.3777 0.3791 0.3806 0.3820 0.3835 |
0.3339
0.3350 0.3361 0.3372 0.3384 0.3395 0.3407 0.3418 0.3430 0.3442 0.3454 0.3466 0.3478 0.3490 0.3502 0.3514 0.3527 0.3539 0.3552 0.3564 0.3577 0.3590 0.3603 0.3616 0.3629 0.3642 0.3656 0.3669 0.3682 0.3696 0.3710 0.3724 0.3737 0.3751 0.3766 0.3780 0.3794 0.3809 0.3823 0.3838 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -2.1300
-2.1200 -2.1100 -2.1000 -2.0900 -2.0800 -2.0700 -2.0600 -2.0500 -2.0400 -2.0300 -2.0200 -2.0100 -2.0000 -1.9900 -1.9800 -1.9700 -1.9600 -1.9500 -1.9400 -1.9300 -1.9200 -1.9100 -1.9000 -1.8900 -1.8800 -1.8700 -1.8600 -1.8500 -1.8400 -1.8300 -1.8200 -1.8100 -1.8000 -1.7900 -1.7800 -1.7700 -1.7600 -1.7500 -1.7400 |
0.3841
0.3855 0.3870 0.3885 0.3900 0.3916 0.3931 0.3947 0.3962 0.3978 0.3994 0.4010 0.4026 0.4042 0.4058 0.4075 0.4092 0.4108 0.4125 0.4142 0.4160 0.4177 0.4194 0.4212 0.4230 0.4248 0.4266 0.4284 0.4302 0.4321 0.4340 0.4358 0.4377 0.4397 0.4416 0.4436 0.4455 0.4475 0.4495 0.4515 |
0.3844
0.3858 0.3873 0.3888 0.3904 0.3919 0.3934 0.3950 0.3965 0.3981 0.3997 0.4013 0.4029 0.4045 0.4062 0.4078 0.4095 0.4112 0.4129 0.4146 0.4163 1.4180 0.4198 0.4216 0.4233 0.4251 0.4269 0.4288 0.4306 0.4325 0.4343 0.4362 0.4381 0.4401 0.4420 0.4439 0.4459 0.4479 0.4499 0.4519 |
0.3847
0.3861 03876 0.3891 0.3907 0.3922 0.3937 0.3953 0.3968 0.3984 0.4000 0.4016 0.4032 0.4049 0.4065 0.4082 0.4098 0.4115 0.4132 0.4149 0.4166 0.4184 0.4201 0.4219 0.4237 0.4255 0.4273 0.4291 0.4310 0.4328 0.4347 0.4366 0.4385 0.4404 0.4424 0.4443 0.4463 0.4483 0.4503 0.4524 |
0.3850
0.3864 0.3879 0.3894 0.3910 0.3925 0.3940 0.3956 0.3972 0.3987 0.4003 0.4019 0.4036 0.4052 0.4068 0.4085 0.4102 0.4119 0.4136 0.4153 0.4170 0.4187 0.4205 0.4223 0.4240 0.4259 0.4277 0.4295 0.4313 0.4332 0.4351 0.4370 0.4389 0.4408 0.4428 0.4447 0.4467 0.4487 0.4507 0.4528 |
0.3852
0.3867 0.3882 0.3897 0.3913 0.3928 0.3943 0.3959 0.3975 0.3991 0.4007 0.4023 0.4039 0.4055 0.4072 0.4088 0.4105 0.4122 0.4139 0.4156 0.4173 0.4191 0.4208 0.4226 0.4244 0.4262 0.4280 0.4299 0.4317 0.4336 0.4355 0.4374 0.4393 0.4412 0.4432 0.4451 0.4471 0.4491 0.4511 0.4532 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -1.7300
-1.7200 -1.7100 -1.7000 -1.6900 -1.6800 -1.6700 -1.1600 -1.6500 -1.6400 -1.6300 -1.6200 -1.6100 -1.6000 -1.5900 -1.5800 -1.5700 -1.5600 -1.5500 -1.5400 -1.5300 -1.5200 -1.5100 -1.5000 -1.4900 -1.4800 -1.4700 -1.4600 -1.4500 -1.4400 -1.4300 -1.4200 -1.4100 -1.4000 -1.3900 -1.3800 -1.3700 -1.3600 -1.3500 -1.3400 |
0.4536
0.4556 0.4577 0.4598 0.4619 0.4641 0.4662 0.4684 0.4706 0.4728 0.4750 0.4773 0.4796 0.4819 0.4842 0.4865 0.4889 0.4913 0.4937 0.4961 0.4986 0.5011 0.5036 0.5061 0.5087 0.5113 0.5139 0.5165 0.5192 0.5219 0.5246 0.5273 0.5301 0.5329 0.5358 0.5386 0.5415 0.5444 0.5474 0.5504 |
0.4540
0.4561 0.4581 0.4602 0.4624 0.4645 0.4667 0.4688 0.4710 0.4732 0.4755 0.4777 0.4800 0.4823 0.4847 0.4870 0.4894 0.4918 0.4942 0.4966 0.4991 0.5016 0.5041 0.5066 0.5092 0.5118 0.5144 0.5171 0.5197 0.5224 0.5251 0.5279 0.5307 0.5335 0.5363 0.5392 0.5421 0.5450 0.5480 0.5510 |
0.4544
0.4565 0.4586 0.4607 0.4628 0.4649 0.4671 0.4693 0.4715 0.4737 0.4759 0.4782 0.4805 0.4828 0.4851 0.4875 0.4899 0.4923 0.4947 0.4971 0.4996 0.5021 0.5046 0.5072 0.5097 0.5123 0.5149 0.5176 0.5203 0.5230 0.5257 0.5284 0.5312 0.5341 0.5369 0.5398 0.5427 0.5456 0.5486 0.5516 |
0.4548
0.4569 0.4590 0.4611 0.4632 0.4654 0.4675 0.4697 0.4719 0.4741 0.4764 0.4787 0.4810 0.4833 0.4856 0.4880 0.4903 0.4927 0.4952 0.4976 0.5001 0.5026 0.5051 0.5077 0.5102 0.5128 0.5155 0.5181 0.5208 0.5235 0.5262 0.5290 0.5318 0.5346 0.5375 0.5403 0.5433 0.5462 0.5492 0.5522 |
0.4552
0.4573 0.4594 0.4615 0.4636 0.4658 0.4680 0.4701 0.4724 0.4746 0.4768 0.4791 0.4814 0.4837 0.4861 0.4884 0.4908 0.4932 0.4957 0.4981 0.5006 0.5031 0.5056 0.5082 0.5108 0.5134 0.5160 0.5187 0.5213 0.5240 0.5268 0.5296 0.5324 0.5352 0.5380 0.5409 0.5438 0.5468 0.5498 0.5528 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -1.3300
-1.3200 -1.3100 -1.3000 -1.2900 -1.2800 -1.2700 -1.2600 -1.2500 -1.2400 -1.2300 -1.2200 -1.2100 -1.2000 -1.1900 -1.1800 -1.1700 -1.1600 -1.1500 -1.1400 -1.1300 -1.1200 -1.1100 -1.1000 -1.0900 -1.0800 -1.0700 -1.0600 -1.0500 -1.0400 -1.0300 -1.0200 -1.0100 -1.0000 -0.9900 -0.9800 -0.9700 -0.9600 -0.9500 -0.9400 |
0.5534
0.5564 0.5595 0.5627 0.5658 0.5690 0.5722 0.5755 0.5788 0.5821 0.5855 0.5889 0.5923 0.5958 0.5994 0.6029 0.6065 0.6102 0.6139 0.6176 0.6214 0.6252 0.6291 0.6330 0.6370 0.6410 0.6451 0.6492 0.6534 0.6576 0.6619 0.6662 0.6706 0.6751 0.6796 0.6841 0.6887 0.6934 0.6982 0.7030 |
0.5540
0.5571 0.5602 0.5633 0.5664 0.5696 0.5729 0.5761 0.5794 0.5828 0.5862 0.5896 0.5930 0.5965 0.6001 0.6036 0.6073 0.6109 0.6146 0.6184 0.6222 0.6260 0.6299 0.6338 0.6378 0.6418 0.6459 0.6501 0.6542 0.6585 0.6628 0.6671 0.6715 0.6760 0.6805 0.6850 0.6897 0.6944 0.6991 0.7039 |
0.5546
0.5577 0.5608 0.5639 0.5671 0.5703 0.5735 0.5768 0.5801 0.5834 0.5868 0.5903 0.5937 0.5972 0.6008 0.6044 0.6080 0.6117 0.6154 0.6191 0.6229 0.6268 0.6307 0.6346 0.6386 0.6427 0.6467 0.6509 0.6551 0.6593 0.6636 0.6680 0.6724 0.6769 0.6814 0.6860 0.6906 0.6953 0.7001 0.7049 |
0.5552
0.5583 0.5614 0.5645 0.5677 0.5709 0.5742 0.5774 0.5808 0.5841 0.5875 0.5909 0.5944 0.5979 0.6015 0.6051 0.6087 0.6124 0.6161 0.6199 0.6237 0.6276 0.6315 0.6354 0.6394 0.6435 0.6476 0.6517 0.6559 0.6602 0.6645 0.6689 0.6733 0.6778 0.6823 0.6869 0.6915 0.6963 0.7010 0.7059 |
0.5558
0.5589 0.5620 0.5652 0.5684 0.5716 0.5748 0.5781 0.5814 0.5848 0.5882 0.5916 0.5951 0.5986 0.6022 0.6058 0.6095 0.6131 0.6169 0.6206 0.6245 0.6283 0.6323 0.6362 0.6402 0.6443 0.6484 0.6526 0.6568 0.6610 0.6654 0.6697 0.6742 0.6787 0.6832 0.6878 0.6925 0.6972 0.7020 0.7069 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -0.9300
-0.9200 -0.9100 -0.9000 -0.8900 -0.8800 -0.8700 -0.8600 -0.8500 -0.8400 -0.8300 -0.8200 -0.8100 -0.8000 -0.7900 -0.7800 -0.7700 -0.7600 -0.7500 -0.7400 -0.7300 -0.7200 -0.7100 -0.7000 -0.6900 -0.6800 -0.6700 -0.6600 -0.6500 -0.6400 -0.6300 -0.6200 -0.6100 -0.6000 -0.5900 -0.5800 -0.5700 -0.5600 -0.5500 -0.5400 |
0.7078
0.7128 0.7178 0.7228 0.7280 0.7332 0.7385 0.7438 0.7493 0.7548 0.7603 0.7660 0.7718 0.7776 0.7835 0.7895 0.7956 0.8018 0.8080 0.8144 0.8209 0.8274 0.8314 0.8408 0.8477 0.8547 0.8617 0.8689 0.8762 0.8837 0.8912 0.8989 0.9067 0.9146 0.9226 0.9308 0.9391 0.9476 0.9562 0.9649 |
0.7088
0.7138 0.7188 0.7239 0.7290 0.7342 0.7395 0.7449 0.7504 0.7559 0.7615 0.7672 0.7729 0.7788 0.7847 0.7907 0.7968 0.8030 0.8093 0.8157 0.8222 0.8287 0.8354 0.8422 0.8491 0.8561 0.8632 0.8704 0.8777 0.8852 0.8927 0.9004 0.9082 0.9162 0.9242 0.9325 0.9408 0.9493 0.9579 0.9667 |
0.7098
0.7148 0.7198 0.7249 0.7301 0.7353 0.7406 0.7460 0.7514 0.7570 0.7626 0.7683 0.7741 0.7799 0.7859 0.7919 0.7980 0.8043 0.8106 0.8170 0.8235 0.8301 0.8368 0.8436 0.8505 0.8575 0.8646 0.8718 0.8792 0.8867 0.8943 0.9020 0.9098 0.9178 0.9259 0.9341 0.9425 0.9510 0.9597 0.9685 |
0.7108
0.7158 0.7208 0.7259 0.7311 0.7364 0.7417 0.7471 0.7526 0.7581 0.7637 0.7694 0.7752 0.7811 0.7871 0.7931 0.7993 0.8055 0.8118 0.8183 0.8248 0.8314 0.8381 0.8449 0.8519 0.8589 0.8660 0.8733 0.8807 0.8882 0.8958 0.9035 0.9114 0.9194 0.9275 0.9358 0.9442 0.9527 0.9614 0.9703 |
0.7118
0.7168 0.7218 0.7269 0.7321 0.7374 0.7427 0.7482 0.7537 0.7592 0.7649 0.7706 0.7764 0.7823 0.7883 0.7944 0.8005 0.8068 0.8131 0.8196 0.8261 0.8327 0.8395 0.8463 0.8533 0.8603 0.8675 0.8748 0.8822 0.8897 0.8973 0.9051 0.9130 0.9210 0.9292 0.9374 0.9459 0.8544 0.9632 0.9720 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -0.5300
-0.5200 -0.5100 -0.5000 -0.4900 -0.4800 -0.4700 -0.4600 -0.4500 -0.4400 -0.4300 -0.4200 -0.4100 -0.4000 -0.3900 -0.3800 -0.3700 -0.3600 -0.3500 -0.3400 -0.3300 -0.3200 -0.3100 -0.3000 -0.2900 -0.2800 -0.2700 -0.2600 -0.2500 -0.2400 -0.2300 -0.2200 -0.2100 -0.2000 -0.1900 -0.1800 -0.1700 -0.1600 -0.1500 -0.1400 |
0.9738
0.9829 0.9921 1.0015 1.0110 1.0207 1.0306 1.0407 1.0509 1.0613 1.0720 1.0828 1.0938 1.1050 1.1165 1.1282 1.1400 1.1522 1.1645 1.1771 1.1900 1.2031 1.2165 1.2301 1.2440 1.2582 1.2727 1.2876 1.3027 1.3181 1.3339 1.3500 1.3665 1.3833 1.4005 1.4181 1.4361 1.4545 1.4733 1.4825 |
0.9756
0.9847 0.9940 1.0034 1.0129 1.0227 1.0326 1.0427 1.0530 1.0634 1.0741 1.0850 1.0960 1.1073 1.1188 1.1305 1.1424 1.1546 1.1670 1.1797 1.1926 1.2057 1.2192 1.2329 1.2468 1.2611 1.2757 1.2905 1.3057 1.3212 1.3371 1.3533 1.3698 1.3867 1.4040 1.4217 1.4397 1.4582 1.4771 1.4964 |
0.9774
0.9865 0.9958 1.0053 1.0149 1.0246 1.0346 1.0447 1.0551 1.0656 1.0763 1.0872 1.0983 1.1096 1.1211 1.1329 1.1449 1.1571 1.1695 1.1822 1.1952 1.2084 1.2219 1.2356 1.2497 1.2640 1.2786 1.2936 1.3088 1.3244 1.3403 1.3566 1.3732 1.3901 1.4075 1.4252 1.4434 1.4619 1.4809 1.5003 |
0.9792
0.9884 0.9977 1.0072 1.0168 1.0266 1.0366 1.0468 1.0571 1.0677 1.0784 1.0894 1.1005 1.1119 1.1235 1.1353 1.1473 1.1595 1.1721 1.1848 1.1978 1.2111 1.2246 1.2384 1.2525 1.2669 1.2816 1.2966 1.3119 1.3275 1.3435 1.3698 1.3765 1.3936 1.4110 1.4288 1.4471 1.4657 1.4848 1.5043 |
0.9811
0.9902 0.9996 1.0091 1.0188 1.0286 1.0386 1.0488 1.0592 1.0698 1.0806 1.0916 1.1028 1.1142 1.1258 1.1376 1.1497 1.1620 1.1746 1.1874 1.2004 1.2138 1.2273 1.2412 1.2554 1.2698 1.2846 1.2996 1.3150 1.3307 1.3468 1.3632 1.3799 1.3970 1.4145 1.4324 1.4508 1.4695 1.4886 1.5082 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -0.1300
-0.1200 -0.1100 -0.1000 -0.0900 -0.0800 -0.0700 -0.0600 -0.0500 -0.0400 -0.0300 -0.0200 -0.0100 0.0000 0.0100 0.0200 0.0300 0.0400 0.0500 0.0600 0.0700 0.0800 0.0900 0.1000 0.1100 0.1200 0.1300 0.1400 0.1500 0.1600 0.1700 0.1800 0.1900 0.2000 0.2100 0.2200 0.2300 0.2400 0.2500 0.2600 |
1.5122
1.5324 1.5530 1.5741 1.5957 1.6179 1.6406 1.6638 1.6876 1.7121 1.7371 1.7628 1.7891 1.8161 1.8439 1.8723 1.9016 1.9316 1.9624 1.9941 2.0266 2.0600 2.0944 2.1298 2.1662 2.2036 2.2421 2.2818 2.3226 2.3647 2.4080 2.4527 2.4987 2.5462 2.5952 2.6457 2.6979 2.7517 2.8073 2.8648 |
1.5162
1.5364 1.5572 1.5784 1.6001 1.6224 1.6452 1.6685 1.6825 1.7170 1 .7422 1.7680 1.7945 1.8216 1.8495 1.8781 1.9075 1.9377 1.9687 2.0005 2.0332 2.0668 2.1014 2.1370 2.1736 2.2112 2.2500 2.2898 2.3309 2.3732 2.4168 2.4618 2.5081 2.5559 0.6051 2.6560 2.7085 2.7627 2.8187 2.8765 |
1.5202
1.5405 1.5614 1.5827 1.6045 1.6269 1.6498 1.6733 1.6973 1.7220 1.7473 1.7732 1.7998 1.8271 1.8552 1.8839 1.9135 1.9438 1.9750 2.0070 2.0399 2.0737 2.1085 2.1442 2.1810 2.2189 2.2578 2.2980 2.3393 2.3818 2.4257 2.4709 2.5175 2.5656 0.6152 2.6664 2.7192 2.7737 2.8301 2.8883 |
1.5242
1.5447 1.5656 1.5870 1.6089 1.6314 1.6544 1.6780 1.7022 1.7270 1 .7524 0.7785 1.8053 1.8327 1.8609 1.8898 1.9195 1.9500 1.9813 2.0135 2.0465 2.0806 2.1155 2.1515 2.1885 2.2266 2.2658 2.3061 2.3477 2.3905 2.4346 2.4801 2.5270 2.5754 2.6253 2.6768 2.7300 2.7849 2.8416 2.9002 |
1.5283
1.5488 1.5698 1.5914 1.6134 1.6360 1.6591 1.6828 1.7071 1.7320 1.7576 1.7838 1.8107 1.8383 1.8666 1.8957 1.9255 1.9562 1.9877 2.0200 2.0533 2.0875 2.1226 2.1588 2.1960 2.2343 2.2737 2.3143 2.3562 2.3992 2.4436 2.4894 2.5366 2.5852 2.6355 2.6873 2.7408 2.7961 2.8531 2.9121 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| 0.2700
0.2800 0.2900 0.3000 0.3100 0.3200 0.3300 0.3400 0.3500 0.3600 0.3700 0.3800 0.3900 0.4000 0.4100 0.4200 0.4300 0.4400 0.4500 0.4600 0.4700 0.4800 0.4900 0.5000 0.5100 0.5200 0.5300 0.5400 0.5500 0.5600 0.5700 0.5800 0.5900 0.6000 0.6100 0.6200 0.6300 0.6400 0.6500 0.6600 |
2.9242
2.9855 3.0490 3.1147 3.1826 3.2530 3.3258 3.4013 3.4795 3.5606 3.6447 3.7319 3.8225 3.9165 4.0141 4.1156 4.2211 4.3308 4.4449 4.5638 4.6875 4.8164 4.9508 5.0909 5.2371 5.3898 5.5491 5.7157 5.8898 6.0718 6.2624 6.4619 6.6709 6.8900 7.1198 7.3609 7.6141 7.8801 8.1597 8.4539 |
2.9363
2.9981 3.0620 3.1281 3.1965 3.2674 3.3407 3.4167 3.4955 3.5772 3.6619 3.7498 3.8410 3.9357 4.0341 4.1364 4.2427 4.3533 4.4683 4.5881 4.7129 4.8429 4.9784 5.1197 5.2671 5.4211 5.5819 5.7499 5.9255 6.1093 6.3016 6.5029 6.7139 6.9351 7.1671 7.4105 7.6662 7.9349 8.2173 8.5145 |
2.9485
3.0107 3.0750 3.1416 3.2105 3.2818 3.3557 3.4323 3.5116 3.5939 3.6792 3.7677 3.8596 3.9551 4.0542 4.1573 4.2644 4.3759 4.4919 4.6127 4.7384 4.8695 5.0062 5.1487 5.2974 5.4527 5.6149 5.7844 5.9616 6.1470 6.3411 6.5443 6.7573 6.9806 7.2148 7.4607 7.7189 7.9902 8.2756 8.5758 |
2.9607
3.0234 3.0882 3.1552 3.2246 3.2964 3.3708 3.4479 3.5278 3.6107 3.6966 3.7858 3.8784 3.9746 4.0745 4.1784 4.2864 4.3987 4.5157 4.6374 4.7642 4.8964 5.0342 5.1779 5.3279 5.4846 5.6482 5.8192 5.9980 6.1851 6.3810 6.5861 6.8011 7.0265 7.2630 7.5113 7.7721 8.0462 8.3344 8.6377 |
2.9731
3.0362 3.1014 3.1689 3.2387 3.3111 3.3860 3.4636 3.5441 3.6276 3.7142 3.8041 3.8974 3.9943 4.0950 4.1997 4.3085 4.4217 4.5396 4.6624 4.7902 4.9235 5.0624 5.2074 5.3587 5.5167 5.6818 5.8543 6.0348 6.2236 6.4212 6.6283 6.8453 7.0729 7.3117 7.5624 7.8258 8.1026 8.3938 8.7003 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| 0.6700
0.6800 0.6900 0.7000 0.7100 0.7200 0.7300 0.7400 0.7500 0.7600 0.7700 0.7800 0.7900 0.8000 0.8100 0.8200 0.8300 0.8400 0.8500 0.8600 0.8700 0.8800 0.8900 0.9000 0.9100 0.9200 0.9300 0.9400 0.9500 0.9600 0.9700 0.9800 0.9900 1.0000 1.0100 1.0200 1.0300 1.0400 1.0500 1.0600 |
8.7635
9.0896 9.4333 9.7958 10.1783 10.5823 11.0093 11.4608 11.9387 12.4449 12.9814 13.5505 14.1546 14.7965 15.4790 16.2053 16.9789 17.8036 18.6835 19.6231 20.6276 21.7022 22.8530 24.0867 25.4104 26.8323 28.3612 30.0068 31.7800 33.6928 35.7584 37.9917 40.4090 43.0287 45.8712 48.9591 52.3181 55.9765 59.9665 64.3240 |
8.8274
9.1569 9.5042 9.8706 10.2574 10.6658 11.0976 11.5542 12.0376 12.5497 13.0925 13.6684 14.2799 14.9296 15.6206 16.3561 17.1396 17.9750 18.8665 19.8187 20.8367 21.9261 23.0929 24.3440 25.6867 27.1293 28.6807 30.3509 32.1510 34.0932 36.1912 38.4599 40.9161 43.5787 46.4683 49.6085 53.0248 56.7470 60.8073 65.2429 |
8.8919
9.2249 9.5760 9.9463 10.3373 10.7503 11.1869 11.6487 12.1377 12.6557 13.2050 13.7878 14.4067 15.0644 15.7641 16.5089 17.3024 18.1487 19.0519 20.0168 21.0487 22.1530 23.3362 24.6050 25.9670 27.4305 29.0049 30.7002 32.5277 34.4999 36.6307 38.9356 41.4316 44.1378 47.0756 50.2687 53.7439 57.5309 61.6633 66.1786 |
8.9571
9.2936 9.6484 10.0228 10.4181 10.8356 11.2772 11.7443 12.2389 12.7630 13.3188 13.9086 14.5350 15.2009 15.9093 16.6636 17.4673 18.3246 19.2398 20.2177 21.2635 22.3831 23.5828 24.8696 26.2513 27.7362 29.3339 31.0547 32.9101 34.9129 37.0772 39.4189 41.9554 44.7060 47.6930 50.9402 84.4753 58.3285 62.5344 67.1311 |
9.0230
9.3631 9.7217 10.1001 10.4997 10.9220 11.3685 11.8410 12.3413 12.8715 13.4339 14.0309 14.6649 15.3391 16.0564 16.8202 17.6344 18.5029 19.4302 20.4213 21.4814 22.6165 23.8330 25.1381 26.5397 28.0464 29.6679 31.4146 33.2984 35.3324 37.5309 39.9100 42.4876 45.2839 48.3207 51.6234 55.2194 59.1404 63.4211 68.1013 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| 1.0700
1.0800 1.0900 1.1000 1.1100 1.1200 1.1300 1.1400 1.1500 1.1600 1 .1700 1 .1800 1.1900 1.2000 1.2100 1.2200 1.2300 1.2400 1.2500 1.2600 1.2700 1.2800 1.2900 1.3000 1.3100 1.3200 1.3300 1.3400 1.3500 1.3600 1.3700 1.3800 1.3900 |
69.0890
74.3075 80.0304 86.3163 93.2302 100.8473 109.2514 118.5396 128.8208 140.2210 152.8826 166.9712 182.6737 200.2065 219.8195 241.8036 266.4909 294.2715 325.5940 360.9859 401.0579 446.5317 498.2480 557.1949 624.5453 701.6746 790.2255 892.1349 1009.7280 1145.7640 1303.5700 1487.1190 1701.2360 |
70.0948
75.4099 81.2405 87.6465 94.6947 102.4621 111.0348 120.5125 131.0073 142.6473 155.5810 169.9760 186.0267 203.9538 224.0174 246.5129 271.7870 300.2366 332.3293 368.6040 409.6970 456.3456 509.4236 569.9506 639.1394 718.4120 809.4692 914.3151 1035.3600 1175.4620 1338.0770 1527.3330 1748.2130 |
71.1194
76.5330 82.4738 89.0024 96.1883 104.1092 112.8549 122.5260 133.2391 145.1253 158.3371 173.0469 189.4539 207.7863 228.3113 251.3331 277.2087 306.3487 339.2305 376.4166 418.5558 466.4180 520.8964 583.0551 654.1364 735.6241 829.2635 937.1475 1061.7540 1206.0680 1373.6460 1568.7990 1796.6920 |
72.1625
77.6770 83.7304 90.3849 97.7108 105.7896 114.7115 124.5817 135.5178 147.6569 161.1530 176.1862 192.9582 211.7074 232.7051 256.2685 282.7607 312.6087 346.3034 384.4247 427.6432 476.7522 532.6761 596.5126 669.5482 753.3170 849.6302 960.6418 1088.9390 1237.5950 1410.3260 1611.5730 1846.7410 |
73.2250
78.8429 85.0109 91.7938 99.2635 107.5032 116.6059 126.6793 137.8445 150.2419 164.0304 179.3944 196.5422 215.7174 237.2023 261.3196 288.4481 319.0222 353.5547 392.6368 436.9675 487.3585 544.7739 610.3383 685.3922 771.5102 870.5800 984.8260 1116.9310 1270.0820 1448.1330 1655.6990 1898.3910 |
表5-11 r对lg(g)
| lg(g) | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| -3.0000
-2.9000 -2.8000 -2.7000 |
0.9751
0.9743 0.9736 0.9727 |
0.9751
0.9743 0.9736 0.9727 |
0.9751
0.9743 0.9735 0.9727 |
0.9750
0.9743 0.9735 0.9727 |
0.9750
0.9743 0.9735 0.9727 |
续表
| lg(g) | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.08 |
| -2.6000
-2.5000 -2.4000 -2.3000 -2.2000 -2.1000 -2.0000 -1.9000 -1.8000 -1.7000 -1.6000 -1.5000 -1.4000 -1.3000 -1.2000 -1.1000 -1.0000 -0.9000 -0.8000 -0.7000 -0.6000 -0.5000 -0.4000 -0.3000 -0.2000 -0.1000 0.0000 0.1000 0.2000 0.3000 0.4000 0.5000 0.6000 0.7000 0.8000 0.9000 1.0000 1.1000 1.2000 1.3000 |
0.9719
0.9709 0.9699 0.9688 0.9677 0.9664 0.9651 0.9636 0.9621 0.9604 0.9585 0.9565 0.9543 0.9518 0.9492 0.9462 0.9429 0.9392 0.9351 0.9304 0.9252 0.9193 0.9125 0.9049 0.8961 0.8860 0.8744 0.8611 0.8456 0.8278 0.8072 0.7834 0.7560 0.7248 0.6892 0.6492 0.6048 0.5560 0.5033 0.4472 |
0.9718
0.9709 0.9699 0.9688 0.9677 0.9664 0.9651 0.9636 0.9621 0.9603 0.9585 0.9565 0.9542 0.9518 0.9491 0.9461 0.9428 0.9391 0.9350 0.9303 0.9251 0.9191 0.9124 0.9047 0.8959 0.8858 0.8742 0.8606 0.8453 0.8274 0.8067 0.7829 0.7554 0.7241 0.6885 0.6484 0.6038 0.5550 0.5022 0.4461 |
0.9718
0.9709 0.9699 0.9688 0.9676 0.9664 0.9650 0.9636 0.9620 0.9603 0.9585 0.9564 0.9542 0.9517 0.9490 0.9461 0.9427 0.9390 0.9349 0.9302 0.9250 0.9190 0.9123 0.9045 0.8957 0.8856 0.8739 0.8605 0.8450 0.8270 0.8063 0.7824 0.7549 0.7234 0.6877 0.6476 0.6029 0.5539 0.5011 0.4449 |
0.9718
0.9709 0.9698 0.9688 0.9676 0.9664 0.9650 0.9636 0.9620 0.9603 0.9584 0.9564 0.9541 0.9517 0.9490 0.9460 0.9427 0.9389 0.9348 0.9301 0.9249 0.9189 0.9121 0.9044 0.8955 0.8854 0.8737 0.8602 0.8446 0.8266 0.8058 0.7818 0.7543 0.7227 0.6870 0.6467 0.6020 0.5529 0.5000 0.4438 |
0.9718
0.9708 0.9698 0.9687 0.9676 0.9663 0.9650 0.9635 0.9620 0.9602 0.9584 0.9563 0.9541 0.9516 0.9489 0.9459 0.9426 0.9389 0.9347 0.9300 0.9247 0.9188 0.9120 0.9042 0.8953 0.8852 0.8734 0.8599 0.8443 0.8262 0.8054 0.7813 0.7537 0.7221 0.6862 0.6458 0.6010 0.5519 0.4989 0.4426 |